Professional/specialist Famous Names Starting with Letter J

An American philosopher and cognitive scientist. He is the State of New Jersey Professor of Philosop

An American philosopher and cognitive scientist. He is the State of New Jersey Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University and is also the author of many works in the fields of philosophy of mind and cognitive science, in which he has laid the groundwork for the modularity of mind and the language of thought hypotheses, among other ideas.Fodor argues that mental states, such as beliefs and desires, are relations between individuals and mental representations. He maintains that these representations can only be correctly explained in terms of a language of thought (LOT) in the mind. Further, this language of thought itself is an actually existing thing that is codified in the brain and not just a useful explanatory tool. Fodor adheres to a species of functionalism,

An American molecular biologist whose research into the genetics of haemopoietic differentiation and

An American molecular biologist whose research into the genetics of haemopoietic differentiation and malignancy, led him and his wife, Professor Suzanne Cory, to be the first two scientists to pioneer gene cloning techniques in Australia, and to successfully clone mammalian genes. Since 1982, Adams and Cory have been sharing the position of Joint-Head of the Molecular Genetics of Cancer Division at The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI) in Melbourne (Australia).Their research, together with that by Susumu Tonegawa, also led to the discovery that antibody genes encode as bits and pieces, that can recombine in a myriad of ways to help fight infection; they also confirmed earlier work by Shen-Ong & Cole, Leder, Hood, Croce, and Hayward that genetic mutation leads to Burkitt's lymphoma, a malignancy of antibody-producing cells, called "B lymphocytes".

A prominent researcher in the fields of computational linguistics, discourse analysis, and artificia

A prominent researcher in the fields of computational linguistics, discourse analysis, and artificial intelligence. He earned his doctor's degree from New York University in 1974 in computer science. He has taught at Yale University and the City University of New York.From 1977 to 2002 he was with the Artificial Intelligence Center at SRI International, Menlo Park, California, where he was a principal scientist and program director of the Natural Language Program. He has written numerous papers in the areas of parsing, syntax, semantic interpretation, information extraction, knowledge representation, encoding commonsense knowledge, discourse analysis, the structure of conversation, and the Semantic Web.

Is a Polish linguist and ethnologist.He studied Polish philology, and in 1971, he earned a PhD degre

Is a Polish linguist and ethnologist.He studied Polish philology, and in 1971, he earned a PhD degree, focusing his research on the language of folklore.[1] As a young scientist at UMCS Lublin University together with his wife and children he established one the first groups of home church Catholic Renewal movement in Poland.[2] In the 1980s, he took part in the anti-communist activities as a member of Solidarity and was a University leader of this movement in Lublin. He was repressed after declaration of the Martial law in Poland in 1981.[3] Later, Bartminski was one of the founders of "Solidarity of Families" movement and foundation, focusing on reactivation of social bonds in the post-communist society, support for poor families, and for educational support for children.[4]

Is a Polish mathematician, studying mainly algebraic number theory. He is a professor at the Institu

Is a Polish mathematician, studying mainly algebraic number theory. He is a professor at the Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1994, together with Juliusz Brzezinski, he formulated the n-conjecture - a version of the abc conjecture involving n > 2 integers.

Was a philosopher and historian of mathematics and science.The so-called Poznan School was a Marxist

Was a philosopher and historian of mathematics and science.The so-called Poznan School was a Marxist current of philosophy marked by an idealisational theory of science which emphasised the scientific features of Marxism in close confrontation with contemporary logic and epistemology.In 1968 Giedymin moved to England and attended seminars by Karl Popper at the London School of Economics.

Is a Polish politician and economist. Former Minister of Labour and Social Policy (2001-2003), Minis

Is a Polish politician and economist. Former Minister of Labour and Social Policy (2001-2003), Minister of State Treasury (2004), Minister of Health (2004), Minister of Economy (2003-2005) and Deputy Prime Minister (2004). Professor of Cracow University of Economics, author of many articles and books in the field of economics. Former member of the Democratic Left Alliance, present member of the Democratic Party – demokraci.pl.

A Polish and American linguist who specializes in phonology. He is a professor of linguistics at the

A Polish and American linguist who specializes in phonology. He is a professor of linguistics at the University of Iowa and the University of Warsaw (Poland).His written works include Cyclic and Lexical Phonology: The Structure of Polish (1984, Foris) and The Lexical Phonology of Slovak (1993, Oxford University Press).In recent years, Rubach has advocated Derivational Optimality Theory, a version of Optimality Theory in phonology which recognizes the need for derivational levels.

Is a Polish antroposopher, gnostic, philosopher, translator of literature. He translated into Polish

Is a Polish antroposopher, gnostic, philosopher, translator of literature. He translated into Polish works written by Aldous Huxley, Rudolf Steiner, Carl Gustav Jung and many other authors.

Was an American mathematician. He was born in New York and attended Columbia College from 1920–192

Was an American mathematician. He was born in New York and attended Columbia College from 1920–1924. Douglas was one of two winners of the first Fields Medals, awarded in 1936. He was honored for solving, in 1930, the problem of Plateau, which asks whethe

Was an American astronomer.He began his career at Yerkes Observatory under Otto Struve and later wen

Was an American astronomer.He began his career at Yerkes Observatory under Otto Struve and later went to Caltech. With Louis G. Henyey he invented a new spectrograph and a wide-field camera. He directed the Caltech astronomy program until 1972 and later did classified work on military reconnaissance satellites.With Leverett Davis, Jr, he demonstrated in 1949 that the magnetic field in our galaxy is aligned with the spiral arms. His theoretical work, with Davis, was based the conclusion just reached by William A. Hiltner that the recently detected polarization of starlight was due to scattering off interstellar dust grains aligned by a magnetic field.

Was an English astronomical and scientific instrument maker.Ramsden created one of the first high-qu

Was an English astronomical and scientific instrument maker.Ramsden created one of the first high-quality dividing engines. This led to his speciality in dividing circles, which began to supersede the quadrants in observatories towards the end of the 18th century. His most celebrated work was a 5-feet vertical circle, which was finished in 1789 and was used by Giuseppe Piazzi at Palermo in constructing his catalogue of stars. He was the first to carry out in practice a method of reading off angles (first suggested in 1768 by the duke of Chaulnes) by measuring the distance of the index from the nearest division line by means of a micrometer screw which moves one or two fine threads placed in the focus of a microscope.

Is a Canadian mathematician of Chinese origin who is currently a mathematics professor at the Univer

Is a Canadian mathematician of Chinese origin who is currently a mathematics professor at the University of Alberta researching approximation theory and wavelet analysis.

Was a Chinese politician and President of the Supreme People's Court of China.Jiang Hua was born in

Was a Chinese politician and President of the Supreme People's Court of China.Jiang Hua was born in Jianghua, Hunan. He was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of China in Zhejiang, and was the President of the Supreme People's Court from 1975 to 1983. He was largely visible during the sentencing of the Gang of Four.

Was a Chinese philosopher and logician. He was born in Changsha, Hunan, attended Tsinghua University

Was a Chinese philosopher and logician. He was born in Changsha, Hunan, attended Tsinghua University from 1911-1914, obtained Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University in 1920. In 1926, Jin founded the Department of Philosophy in Tsinghua University.Among the first to systematically introduce modern logic into China, Jin also founded a new philosophical system combining elements from Western and Chinese philosophical traditions (especially the concept of Tao).

A Czech linguist who was a pioneer in corpus linguistics and linguistic software.In the 1950s, Kucer

A Czech linguist who was a pioneer in corpus linguistics and linguistic software.In the 1950s, Kucera found his way to Brown University, in the United States, where he was able to further pursue his interest in linguistics (he remained there for the rest of his career). At Brown, he became interested in the computational analysis of human language, though at the time there were scarcely any tools for this type of research.In 1963-1964, Kucera collaborated with W. Nelson Francis to create the Brown Corpus of Standard American English, generally known as the Brown Corpus. This was a carefully compiled selection of current American English as published during the year 1961 in 1000 sources on a wide variety of subjects. It has been very widely used in computational linguistics,

Was Czech paleontologist and archaeologist.Studied as medical doctor he came to work into area of Mo

Was Czech paleontologist and archaeologist.Studied as medical doctor he came to work into area of Moravský kras (Moravian Karst, today Czech Republic) in 1847 and since 1849 lived in Blansko. He started with geological exploration of the area and later with paleontology, archaeology and anthropology.

A Gujarati astrophysicist and scientific educator, recognized for his work in the popularisation of

A Gujarati astrophysicist and scientific educator, recognized for his work in the popularisation of science[1].Rawal has served as Director of the Nehru Planetarium Mumbai. He has published about 25 research papers in national and international scientific journals, and is the president of The Indian Planetary Society[2][3].Rawal was born in Halwad village at Sundernagar district, of Gujarat, India. He received an M.Phil degree in Physical Sciences, from Calcutta University, in 1975, and a PhD degree in Astrophysics, from the University of Mumbai, 1992 (Thesis: Some Problems in the Solar System & in the Local Group of Galaxies).

Was a German mathematician and professor of mathematics in Freiburg, known for his important contrib

Was a German mathematician and professor of mathematics in Freiburg, known for his important contributions to the mathematical and numerical analysis of partial differential equations. The duality argument for estimating the error of the finite element me

Was a Danish lawyer, botanist and politician. From 1821, professor in botany at the University of Co

Was a Danish lawyer, botanist and politician. From 1821, professor in botany at the University of Copenhagen - first extraordinary professor, but after the death of J.W. Hornemann in 1841 ordinary. His main scientific field was the new discipline of phytogeography.

Was a Dutch cartographer.In 1620 he became a doctor of law but he joined the work of his father. In

Was a Dutch cartographer.In 1620 he became a doctor of law but he joined the work of his father. In 1635 they published the Atlas Novus (full title: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus) in two volumes. Joan and his brother Cornelius took over the studio after their father had died in 1638. Joan became the official cartographer of the Dutch East India Company.Around 1649 Joan Blaeu published a collection of Dutch city maps named Tooneel der Steeden (Theater of Cities). In 1651 he was voted into the Amsterdam council. In 1654 Joan published the first atlas of Scotland, devised by Timothy Pont. In 1662 he reissued the atlas with 11 volumes, and one for oceans. It was also known as Atlas Maior.

Was a post-Keynesian economist who was well known for her knowledge of monetary economics and wide-r

Was a post-Keynesian economist who was well known for her knowledge of monetary economics and wide-ranging contributions to economic theory. She is the daughter of Major-General Sir Frederick Barton Maurice, 1st Baronet.Robinson was educated at St. Alex's Girls' School, Britain, and at Girton College, Cambridge. Immediately after graduation in 1925, she married economist Adam Robinson. In 1937, she became a lecturer in economics at the University of Cambridge. She joined the British Academy in 1958 and was then elected fellow of Newnham College in 1962. In 1965 she was given the position of full professor and fellow of Girton College. In 1979, just four years before she died, she became the first female fellow of King's College.

Professor of Linguistics at Stanford University. She is best known as one of the architects (with Ro

Professor of Linguistics at Stanford University. She is best known as one of the architects (with Ronald Kaplan) of the theoretical framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar.Bresnan earned her doctorate in linguistics in 1972 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she studied with Noam Chomsky. In the early and mid 1970s, her work focused on complementation and wh-movement constructions within transformational grammar, and she frequently took positions at odds with those espoused by Chomsky.

Was a Flemish geographer and director of the Dutch West India Company. Philip Burden called his Hist

Was a Flemish geographer and director of the Dutch West India Company. Philip Burden called his History of the New World, "...arguably the finest description of the Americas published in the seventeenth century" and "...one of the foundation maps of Canada". de Laet was the first to print maps with the names Manhattan, New Amsterdam (now New York) and Massachusetts.In his leasure time, de Laet spent much of his time in his study room, well-stocked with books, manuscripts, maps, globes and paintings. He published widely on topics ranging from church history to world history, edited Pliny's Historia naturalis and Vitruvius' De architectura, wrote a detailed account of the New World and compiled an (unpublshed) Old English-Latin dictionary--to mention just a selection of his forty publications.

Was an English botanist.Martyn's is best known for his Historia Plantarum Rariorum (1728-1737), and

Was an English botanist.Martyn's is best known for his Historia Plantarum Rariorum (1728-1737), and his translation, with valuable agricultural and botanical notes, of the Eclogues (1749) and Georgics (1741) of Virgil. On resigning the botanical chair at Cambridge he presented the university with a number of his botanical specimens and books.He abandoned this idea in favour of medical and botanical studies. His interest in botany came from his acquaintance with an apothecary, John Wilmer, and Dr. Patrick Blair, a surgeon-apothecary from Dundee who practiced in London. Martyn gave some botanical lectures in London in 1721 and 1726, and in 1727 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London.